diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'readline-6.2/doc/rluserman.html')
| -rw-r--r-- | readline-6.2/doc/rluserman.html | 2926 |
1 files changed, 2926 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/readline-6.2/doc/rluserman.html b/readline-6.2/doc/rluserman.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1e9c579 --- /dev/null +++ b/readline-6.2/doc/rluserman.html @@ -0,0 +1,2926 @@ +<HTML> +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<!-- Created on February, 8 2011 by texi2html 1.64 --> +<!-- +Written by: Lionel Cons <Lionel.Cons@cern.ch> (original author) + Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org> + Olaf Bachmann <obachman@mathematik.uni-kl.de> + and many others. +Maintained by: Olaf Bachmann <obachman@mathematik.uni-kl.de> +Send bugs and suggestions to <texi2html@mathematik.uni-kl.de> + +--> +<HEAD> +<TITLE>GNU Readline Library: </TITLE> + +<META NAME="description" CONTENT="GNU Readline Library: "> +<META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="GNU Readline Library: "> +<META NAME="resource-type" CONTENT="document"> +<META NAME="distribution" CONTENT="global"> +<META NAME="Generator" CONTENT="texi2html 1.64"> + +</HEAD> + +<BODY LANG="" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#0000FF" VLINK="#800080" ALINK="#FF0000"> + +<A NAME="SEC_Top"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H1>GNU Readline Library</H1></P><P> + +This document describes the end user interface of the GNU Readline Library, +a utility which aids in the consistency of user interface across discrete +programs which provide a command line interface. +</P><P> + +<BLOCKQUOTE><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC1">1. Command Line Editing</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">GNU Readline User's Manual.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC23">A. GNU Free Documentation License</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">License for copying this manual.</TD></TR> +</TABLE></BLOCKQUOTE> +<P> + +<HR SIZE=1> +<A NAME="SEC1"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC2"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[ << ]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC23"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<A NAME="Command Line Editing"></A> +<H1> 1. Command Line Editing </H1> +<!--docid::SEC1::--> +<P> + +This chapter describes the basic features of the GNU +command line editing interface. +</P><P> + +<BLOCKQUOTE><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC2">1.1 Introduction to Line Editing</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Notation used in this text.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC3">1.2 Readline Interaction</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">The minimum set of commands for editing a line.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC9">1.3 Readline Init File</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Customizing Readline from a user's view.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13">1.4 Bindable Readline Commands</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">A description of most of the Readline commands + available for binding</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC22">1.5 Readline vi Mode</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">A short description of how to make Readline + behave like the vi editor.</TD></TR> +</TABLE></BLOCKQUOTE> +<P> + +<A NAME="Introduction and Notation"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC2"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC1"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC3"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[ << ]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC1"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC23"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H2> 1.1 Introduction to Line Editing </H2> +<!--docid::SEC2::--> +<P> + +The following paragraphs describe the notation used to represent +keystrokes. +</P><P> + +The text <KBD>C-k</KBD> is read as `Control-K' and describes the character +produced when the <KBD>k</KBD> key is pressed while the Control key +is depressed. +</P><P> + +The text <KBD>M-k</KBD> is read as `Meta-K' and describes the character +produced when the Meta key (if you have one) is depressed, and the <KBD>k</KBD> +key is pressed. +The Meta key is labeled <KBD>ALT</KBD> on many keyboards. +On keyboards with two keys labeled <KBD>ALT</KBD> (usually to either side of +the space bar), the <KBD>ALT</KBD> on the left side is generally set to +work as a Meta key. +The <KBD>ALT</KBD> key on the right may also be configured to work as a +Meta key or may be configured as some other modifier, such as a +Compose key for typing accented characters. +</P><P> + +If you do not have a Meta or <KBD>ALT</KBD> key, or another key working as +a Meta key, the identical keystroke can be generated by typing <KBD>ESC</KBD> +<EM>first</EM>, and then typing <KBD>k</KBD>. +Either process is known as <EM>metafying</EM> the <KBD>k</KBD> key. +</P><P> + +The text <KBD>M-C-k</KBD> is read as `Meta-Control-k' and describes the +character produced by <EM>metafying</EM> <KBD>C-k</KBD>. +</P><P> + +In addition, several keys have their own names. Specifically, +<KBD>DEL</KBD>, <KBD>ESC</KBD>, <KBD>LFD</KBD>, <KBD>SPC</KBD>, <KBD>RET</KBD>, and <KBD>TAB</KBD> all +stand for themselves when seen in this text, or in an init file +(see section <A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC9">1.3 Readline Init File</A>). +If your keyboard lacks a <KBD>LFD</KBD> key, typing <KBD>C-j</KBD> will +produce the desired character. +The <KBD>RET</KBD> key may be labeled <KBD>Return</KBD> or <KBD>Enter</KBD> on +some keyboards. +</P><P> + +<A NAME="Readline Interaction"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC3"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC2"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC4"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC9"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC1"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC9"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H2> 1.2 Readline Interaction </H2> +<!--docid::SEC3::--> +<P> + +Often during an interactive session you type in a long line of text, +only to notice that the first word on the line is misspelled. The +Readline library gives you a set of commands for manipulating the text +as you type it in, allowing you to just fix your typo, and not forcing +you to retype the majority of the line. Using these editing commands, +you move the cursor to the place that needs correction, and delete or +insert the text of the corrections. Then, when you are satisfied with +the line, you simply press <KBD>RET</KBD>. You do not have to be at the +end of the line to press <KBD>RET</KBD>; the entire line is accepted +regardless of the location of the cursor within the line. +</P><P> + +<BLOCKQUOTE><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC4">1.2.1 Readline Bare Essentials</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">The least you need to know about Readline.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC5">1.2.2 Readline Movement Commands</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Moving about the input line.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC6">1.2.3 Readline Killing Commands</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">How to delete text, and how to get it back!</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC7">1.2.4 Readline Arguments</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Giving numeric arguments to commands.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC8">1.2.5 Searching for Commands in the History</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Searching through previous lines.</TD></TR> +</TABLE></BLOCKQUOTE> +<P> + +<A NAME="Readline Bare Essentials"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC4"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC3"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC5"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC9"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC3"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC9"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 1.2.1 Readline Bare Essentials </H3> +<!--docid::SEC4::--> +<P> + +In order to enter characters into the line, simply type them. The typed +character appears where the cursor was, and then the cursor moves one +space to the right. If you mistype a character, you can use your +erase character to back up and delete the mistyped character. +</P><P> + +Sometimes you may mistype a character, and +not notice the error until you have typed several other characters. In +that case, you can type <KBD>C-b</KBD> to move the cursor to the left, and then +correct your mistake. Afterwards, you can move the cursor to the right +with <KBD>C-f</KBD>. +</P><P> + +When you add text in the middle of a line, you will notice that characters +to the right of the cursor are `pushed over' to make room for the text +that you have inserted. Likewise, when you delete text behind the cursor, +characters to the right of the cursor are `pulled back' to fill in the +blank space created by the removal of the text. A list of the bare +essentials for editing the text of an input line follows. +</P><P> + +<DL COMPACT> +<DT><KBD>C-b</KBD> +<DD>Move back one character. +<DT><KBD>C-f</KBD> +<DD>Move forward one character. +<DT><KBD>DEL</KBD> or <KBD>Backspace</KBD> +<DD>Delete the character to the left of the cursor. +<DT><KBD>C-d</KBD> +<DD>Delete the character underneath the cursor. +<DT>Printing characters +<DD>Insert the character into the line at the cursor. +<DT><KBD>C-_</KBD> or <KBD>C-x C-u</KBD> +<DD>Undo the last editing command. You can undo all the way back to an +empty line. +</DL> +<P> + +(Depending on your configuration, the <KBD>Backspace</KBD> key be set to +delete the character to the left of the cursor and the <KBD>DEL</KBD> key set +to delete the character underneath the cursor, like <KBD>C-d</KBD>, rather +than the character to the left of the cursor.) +</P><P> + +<A NAME="Readline Movement Commands"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC5"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC4"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC6"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC6"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC3"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC9"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 1.2.2 Readline Movement Commands </H3> +<!--docid::SEC5::--> +<P> + +The above table describes the most basic keystrokes that you need +in order to do editing of the input line. For your convenience, many +other commands have been added in addition to <KBD>C-b</KBD>, <KBD>C-f</KBD>, +<KBD>C-d</KBD>, and <KBD>DEL</KBD>. Here are some commands for moving more rapidly +about the line. +</P><P> + +<DL COMPACT> +<DT><KBD>C-a</KBD> +<DD>Move to the start of the line. +<DT><KBD>C-e</KBD> +<DD>Move to the end of the line. +<DT><KBD>M-f</KBD> +<DD>Move forward a word, where a word is composed of letters and digits. +<DT><KBD>M-b</KBD> +<DD>Move backward a word. +<DT><KBD>C-l</KBD> +<DD>Clear the screen, reprinting the current line at the top. +</DL> +<P> + +Notice how <KBD>C-f</KBD> moves forward a character, while <KBD>M-f</KBD> moves +forward a word. It is a loose convention that control keystrokes +operate on characters while meta keystrokes operate on words. +</P><P> + +<A NAME="Readline Killing Commands"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC6"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC5"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC7"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC7"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC3"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC9"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 1.2.3 Readline Killing Commands </H3> +<!--docid::SEC6::--> +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX1"></A> +<A NAME="IDX2"></A> +</P><P> + +<EM>Killing</EM> text means to delete the text from the line, but to save +it away for later use, usually by <EM>yanking</EM> (re-inserting) +it back into the line. +(`Cut' and `paste' are more recent jargon for `kill' and `yank'.) +</P><P> + +If the description for a command says that it `kills' text, then you can +be sure that you can get the text back in a different (or the same) +place later. +</P><P> + +When you use a kill command, the text is saved in a <EM>kill-ring</EM>. +Any number of consecutive kills save all of the killed text together, so +that when you yank it back, you get it all. The kill +ring is not line specific; the text that you killed on a previously +typed line is available to be yanked back later, when you are typing +another line. +<A NAME="IDX3"></A> +</P><P> + +Here is the list of commands for killing text. +</P><P> + +<DL COMPACT> +<DT><KBD>C-k</KBD> +<DD>Kill the text from the current cursor position to the end of the line. +<P> + +<DT><KBD>M-d</KBD> +<DD>Kill from the cursor to the end of the current word, or, if between +words, to the end of the next word. +Word boundaries are the same as those used by <KBD>M-f</KBD>. +<P> + +<DT><KBD>M-<KBD>DEL</KBD></KBD> +<DD>Kill from the cursor the start of the current word, or, if between +words, to the start of the previous word. +Word boundaries are the same as those used by <KBD>M-b</KBD>. +<P> + +<DT><KBD>C-w</KBD> +<DD>Kill from the cursor to the previous whitespace. This is different than +<KBD>M-<KBD>DEL</KBD></KBD> because the word boundaries differ. +<P> + +</DL> +<P> + +Here is how to <EM>yank</EM> the text back into the line. Yanking +means to copy the most-recently-killed text from the kill buffer. +</P><P> + +<DL COMPACT> +<DT><KBD>C-y</KBD> +<DD>Yank the most recently killed text back into the buffer at the cursor. +<P> + +<DT><KBD>M-y</KBD> +<DD>Rotate the kill-ring, and yank the new top. You can only do this if +the prior command is <KBD>C-y</KBD> or <KBD>M-y</KBD>. +</DL> +<P> + +<A NAME="Readline Arguments"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC7"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC6"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC8"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC8"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC3"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC9"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 1.2.4 Readline Arguments </H3> +<!--docid::SEC7::--> +<P> + +You can pass numeric arguments to Readline commands. Sometimes the +argument acts as a repeat count, other times it is the <I>sign</I> of the +argument that is significant. If you pass a negative argument to a +command which normally acts in a forward direction, that command will +act in a backward direction. For example, to kill text back to the +start of the line, you might type <SAMP>`M-- C-k'</SAMP>. +</P><P> + +The general way to pass numeric arguments to a command is to type meta +digits before the command. If the first `digit' typed is a minus +sign (<SAMP>`-'</SAMP>), then the sign of the argument will be negative. Once +you have typed one meta digit to get the argument started, you can type +the remainder of the digits, and then the command. For example, to give +the <KBD>C-d</KBD> command an argument of 10, you could type <SAMP>`M-1 0 C-d'</SAMP>, +which will delete the next ten characters on the input line. +</P><P> + +<A NAME="Searching"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC8"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC7"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC9"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC9"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC3"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC9"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 1.2.5 Searching for Commands in the History </H3> +<!--docid::SEC8::--> +<P> + +Readline provides commands for searching through the command history +for lines containing a specified string. +There are two search modes: <EM>incremental</EM> and <EM>non-incremental</EM>. +</P><P> + +Incremental searches begin before the user has finished typing the +search string. +As each character of the search string is typed, Readline displays +the next entry from the history matching the string typed so far. +An incremental search requires only as many characters as needed to +find the desired history entry. +To search backward in the history for a particular string, type +<KBD>C-r</KBD>. Typing <KBD>C-s</KBD> searches forward through the history. +The characters present in the value of the <CODE>isearch-terminators</CODE> variable +are used to terminate an incremental search. +If that variable has not been assigned a value, the <KBD>ESC</KBD> and +<KBD>C-J</KBD> characters will terminate an incremental search. +<KBD>C-g</KBD> will abort an incremental search and restore the original line. +When the search is terminated, the history entry containing the +search string becomes the current line. +</P><P> + +To find other matching entries in the history list, type <KBD>C-r</KBD> or +<KBD>C-s</KBD> as appropriate. +This will search backward or forward in the history for the next +entry matching the search string typed so far. +Any other key sequence bound to a Readline command will terminate +the search and execute that command. +For instance, a <KBD>RET</KBD> will terminate the search and accept +the line, thereby executing the command from the history list. +A movement command will terminate the search, make the last line found +the current line, and begin editing. +</P><P> + +Readline remembers the last incremental search string. If two +<KBD>C-r</KBD>s are typed without any intervening characters defining a new +search string, any remembered search string is used. +</P><P> + +Non-incremental searches read the entire search string before starting +to search for matching history lines. The search string may be +typed by the user or be part of the contents of the current line. +</P><P> + +<A NAME="Readline Init File"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC9"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC8"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC10"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC1"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H2> 1.3 Readline Init File </H2> +<!--docid::SEC9::--> +<P> + +Although the Readline library comes with a set of Emacs-like +keybindings installed by default, it is possible to use a different set +of keybindings. +Any user can customize programs that use Readline by putting +commands in an <EM>inputrc</EM> file, conventionally in his home directory. +The name of this +file is taken from the value of the environment variable <CODE>INPUTRC</CODE>. If +that variable is unset, the default is <TT>`~/.inputrc'</TT>. If that +file does not exist or cannot be read, the ultimate default is +<TT>`/etc/inputrc'</TT>. +</P><P> + +When a program which uses the Readline library starts up, the +init file is read, and the key bindings are set. +</P><P> + +In addition, the <CODE>C-x C-r</CODE> command re-reads this init file, thus +incorporating any changes that you might have made to it. +</P><P> + +<BLOCKQUOTE><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC10">1.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Syntax for the commands in the inputrc file.</TD></TR> +</TABLE> + +<br> +<TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC11">1.3.2 Conditional Init Constructs</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Conditional key bindings in the inputrc file.</TD></TR> +</TABLE> + +<br> +<TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC12">1.3.3 Sample Init File</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">An example inputrc file.</TD></TR> +</TABLE></BLOCKQUOTE> +<P> + +<A NAME="Readline Init File Syntax"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC10"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC9"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC11"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC9"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 1.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax </H3> +<!--docid::SEC10::--> +<P> + +There are only a few basic constructs allowed in the +Readline init file. Blank lines are ignored. +Lines beginning with a <SAMP>`#'</SAMP> are comments. +Lines beginning with a <SAMP>`$'</SAMP> indicate conditional +constructs (see section <A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC11">1.3.2 Conditional Init Constructs</A>). Other lines +denote variable settings and key bindings. +</P><P> + +<DL COMPACT> +<DT>Variable Settings +<DD>You can modify the run-time behavior of Readline by +altering the values of variables in Readline +using the <CODE>set</CODE> command within the init file. +The syntax is simple: +<P> + +<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>set <VAR>variable</VAR> <VAR>value</VAR> +</pre></td></tr></table></P><P> + +Here, for example, is how to +change from the default Emacs-like key binding to use +<CODE>vi</CODE> line editing commands: +</P><P> + +<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>set editing-mode vi +</pre></td></tr></table></P><P> + +Variable names and values, where appropriate, are recognized without regard +to case. Unrecognized variable names are ignored. +</P><P> + +Boolean variables (those that can be set to on or off) are set to on if +the value is null or empty, <VAR>on</VAR> (case-insensitive), or 1. Any other +value results in the variable being set to off. +</P><P> + +A great deal of run-time behavior is changeable with the following +variables. +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX4"></A> +<DL COMPACT> + +<DT><CODE>bell-style</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX5"></A> +Controls what happens when Readline wants to ring the terminal bell. +If set to <SAMP>`none'</SAMP>, Readline never rings the bell. If set to +<SAMP>`visible'</SAMP>, Readline uses a visible bell if one is available. +If set to <SAMP>`audible'</SAMP> (the default), Readline attempts to ring +the terminal's bell. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>bind-tty-special-chars</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX6"></A> +If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline attempts to bind the control characters +treated specially by the kernel's terminal driver to their Readline +equivalents. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>comment-begin</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX7"></A> +The string to insert at the beginning of the line when the +<CODE>insert-comment</CODE> command is executed. The default value +is <CODE>"#"</CODE>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>completion-display-width</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX8"></A> +The number of screen columns used to display possible matches +when performing completion. +The value is ignored if it is less than 0 or greater than the terminal +screen width. +A value of 0 will cause matches to be displayed one per line. +The default value is -1. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>completion-ignore-case</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX9"></A> +If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline performs filename matching and completion +in a case-insensitive fashion. +The default value is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>completion-map-case</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX10"></A> +If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, and <VAR>completion-ignore-case</VAR> is enabled, Readline +treats hyphens (<SAMP>`-'</SAMP>) and underscores (<SAMP>`_'</SAMP>) as equivalent when +performing case-insensitive filename matching and completion. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>completion-prefix-display-length</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX11"></A> +The length in characters of the common prefix of a list of possible +completions that is displayed without modification. When set to a +value greater than zero, common prefixes longer than this value are +replaced with an ellipsis when displaying possible completions. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>completion-query-items</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX12"></A> +The number of possible completions that determines when the user is +asked whether the list of possibilities should be displayed. +If the number of possible completions is greater than this value, +Readline will ask the user whether or not he wishes to view +them; otherwise, they are simply listed. +This variable must be set to an integer value greater than or equal to 0. +A negative value means Readline should never ask. +The default limit is <CODE>100</CODE>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>convert-meta</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX13"></A> +If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will convert characters with the +eighth bit set to an ASCII key sequence by stripping the eighth +bit and prefixing an <KBD>ESC</KBD> character, converting them to a +meta-prefixed key sequence. The default value is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>disable-completion</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX14"></A> +If set to <SAMP>`On'</SAMP>, Readline will inhibit word completion. +Completion characters will be inserted into the line as if they had +been mapped to <CODE>self-insert</CODE>. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>editing-mode</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX15"></A> +The <CODE>editing-mode</CODE> variable controls which default set of +key bindings is used. By default, Readline starts up in Emacs editing +mode, where the keystrokes are most similar to Emacs. This variable can be +set to either <SAMP>`emacs'</SAMP> or <SAMP>`vi'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>echo-control-characters</CODE> +<DD>When set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, on operating systems that indicate they support it, +readline echoes a character corresponding to a signal generated from the +keyboard. The default is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>enable-keypad</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX16"></A> +When set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will try to enable the application +keypad when it is called. Some systems need this to enable the +arrow keys. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>enable-meta-key</CODE> +<DD>When set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will try to enable any meta modifier +key the terminal claims to support when it is called. On many terminals, +the meta key is used to send eight-bit characters. +The default is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>expand-tilde</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX17"></A> +If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, tilde expansion is performed when Readline +attempts word completion. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>history-preserve-point</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX18"></A> +If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, the history code attempts to place the point (the +current cursor position) at the +same location on each history line retrieved with <CODE>previous-history</CODE> +or <CODE>next-history</CODE>. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>history-size</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX19"></A> +Set the maximum number of history entries saved in the history list. If +set to zero, the number of entries in the history list is not limited. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>horizontal-scroll-mode</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX20"></A> +This variable can be set to either <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> or <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. Setting it +to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> means that the text of the lines being edited will scroll +horizontally on a single screen line when they are longer than the width +of the screen, instead of wrapping onto a new screen line. By default, +this variable is set to <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>input-meta</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX21"></A> +<A NAME="IDX22"></A> +If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will enable eight-bit input (it +will not clear the eighth bit in the characters it reads), +regardless of what the terminal claims it can support. The +default value is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. The name <CODE>meta-flag</CODE> is a +synonym for this variable. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>isearch-terminators</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX23"></A> +The string of characters that should terminate an incremental search without +subsequently executing the character as a command (see section <A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC8">1.2.5 Searching for Commands in the History</A>). +If this variable has not been given a value, the characters <KBD>ESC</KBD> and +<KBD>C-J</KBD> will terminate an incremental search. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>keymap</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX24"></A> +Sets Readline's idea of the current keymap for key binding commands. +Acceptable <CODE>keymap</CODE> names are +<CODE>emacs</CODE>, +<CODE>emacs-standard</CODE>, +<CODE>emacs-meta</CODE>, +<CODE>emacs-ctlx</CODE>, +<CODE>vi</CODE>, +<CODE>vi-move</CODE>, +<CODE>vi-command</CODE>, and +<CODE>vi-insert</CODE>. +<CODE>vi</CODE> is equivalent to <CODE>vi-command</CODE>; <CODE>emacs</CODE> is +equivalent to <CODE>emacs-standard</CODE>. The default value is <CODE>emacs</CODE>. +The value of the <CODE>editing-mode</CODE> variable also affects the +default keymap. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>mark-directories</CODE> +<DD>If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, completed directory names have a slash +appended. The default is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>mark-modified-lines</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX25"></A> +This variable, when set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, causes Readline to display an +asterisk (<SAMP>`*'</SAMP>) at the start of history lines which have been modified. +This variable is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP> by default. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>mark-symlinked-directories</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX26"></A> +If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, completed names which are symbolic links +to directories have a slash appended (subject to the value of +<CODE>mark-directories</CODE>). +The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>match-hidden-files</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX27"></A> +This variable, when set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, causes Readline to match files whose +names begin with a <SAMP>`.'</SAMP> (hidden files) when performing filename +completion. +If set to <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>, the leading <SAMP>`.'</SAMP> must be +supplied by the user in the filename to be completed. +This variable is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> by default. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>menu-complete-display-prefix</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX28"></A> +If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, menu completion displays the common prefix of the +list of possible completions (which may be empty) before cycling through +the list. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>output-meta</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX29"></A> +If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will display characters with the +eighth bit set directly rather than as a meta-prefixed escape +sequence. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>page-completions</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX30"></A> +If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline uses an internal <CODE>more</CODE>-like pager +to display a screenful of possible completions at a time. +This variable is <SAMP>`on'</SAMP> by default. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>print-completions-horizontally</CODE> +<DD>If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will display completions with matches +sorted horizontally in alphabetical order, rather than down the screen. +The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>revert-all-at-newline</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX31"></A> +If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, Readline will undo all changes to history lines +before returning when <CODE>accept-line</CODE> is executed. By default, +history lines may be modified and retain individual undo lists across +calls to <CODE>readline</CODE>. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>show-all-if-ambiguous</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX32"></A> +This alters the default behavior of the completion functions. If +set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, +words which have more than one possible completion cause the +matches to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell. +The default value is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>show-all-if-unmodified</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX33"></A> +This alters the default behavior of the completion functions in +a fashion similar to <VAR>show-all-if-ambiguous</VAR>. +If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, +words which have more than one possible completion without any +possible partial completion (the possible completions don't share +a common prefix) cause the matches to be listed immediately instead +of ringing the bell. +The default value is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>skip-completed-text</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX34"></A> +If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, this alters the default completion behavior when +inserting a single match into the line. It's only active when +performing completion in the middle of a word. If enabled, readline +does not insert characters from the completion that match characters +after point in the word being completed, so portions of the word +following the cursor are not duplicated. +For instance, if this is enabled, attempting completion when the cursor +is after the <SAMP>`e'</SAMP> in <SAMP>`Makefile'</SAMP> will result in <SAMP>`Makefile'</SAMP> +rather than <SAMP>`Makefilefile'</SAMP>, assuming there is a single possible +completion. +The default value is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>visible-stats</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX35"></A> +If set to <SAMP>`on'</SAMP>, a character denoting a file's type +is appended to the filename when listing possible +completions. The default is <SAMP>`off'</SAMP>. +<P> + +</DL> +<P> + +<DT>Key Bindings +<DD>The syntax for controlling key bindings in the init file is +simple. First you need to find the name of the command that you +want to change. The following sections contain tables of the command +name, the default keybinding, if any, and a short description of what +the command does. +<P> + +Once you know the name of the command, simply place on a line +in the init file the name of the key +you wish to bind the command to, a colon, and then the name of the +command. +There can be no space between the key name and the colon -- that will be +interpreted as part of the key name. +The name of the key can be expressed in different ways, depending on +what you find most comfortable. +</P><P> + +In addition to command names, readline allows keys to be bound +to a string that is inserted when the key is pressed (a <VAR>macro</VAR>). +</P><P> + +<DL COMPACT> +<DT><VAR>keyname</VAR>: <VAR>function-name</VAR> or <VAR>macro</VAR> +<DD><VAR>keyname</VAR> is the name of a key spelled out in English. For example: +<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>Control-u: universal-argument +Meta-Rubout: backward-kill-word +Control-o: "> output" +</pre></td></tr></table><P> + +In the above example, <KBD>C-u</KBD> is bound to the function +<CODE>universal-argument</CODE>, +<KBD>M-DEL</KBD> is bound to the function <CODE>backward-kill-word</CODE>, and +<KBD>C-o</KBD> is bound to run the macro +expressed on the right hand side (that is, to insert the text +<SAMP>`> output'</SAMP> into the line). +</P><P> + +A number of symbolic character names are recognized while +processing this key binding syntax: +<VAR>DEL</VAR>, +<VAR>ESC</VAR>, +<VAR>ESCAPE</VAR>, +<VAR>LFD</VAR>, +<VAR>NEWLINE</VAR>, +<VAR>RET</VAR>, +<VAR>RETURN</VAR>, +<VAR>RUBOUT</VAR>, +<VAR>SPACE</VAR>, +<VAR>SPC</VAR>, +and +<VAR>TAB</VAR>. +</P><P> + +<DT>"<VAR>keyseq</VAR>": <VAR>function-name</VAR> or <VAR>macro</VAR> +<DD><VAR>keyseq</VAR> differs from <VAR>keyname</VAR> above in that strings +denoting an entire key sequence can be specified, by placing +the key sequence in double quotes. Some GNU Emacs style key +escapes can be used, as in the following example, but the +special character names are not recognized. +<P> + +<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>"\C-u": universal-argument +"\C-x\C-r": re-read-init-file +"\e[11~": "Function Key 1" +</pre></td></tr></table></P><P> + +In the above example, <KBD>C-u</KBD> is again bound to the function +<CODE>universal-argument</CODE> (just as it was in the first example), +<SAMP>`<KBD>C-x</KBD> <KBD>C-r</KBD>'</SAMP> is bound to the function <CODE>re-read-init-file</CODE>, +and <SAMP>`<KBD>ESC</KBD> <KBD>[</KBD> <KBD>1</KBD> <KBD>1</KBD> <KBD>~</KBD>'</SAMP> is bound to insert +the text <SAMP>`Function Key 1'</SAMP>. +</P><P> + +</DL> +<P> + +The following GNU Emacs style escape sequences are available when +specifying key sequences: +</P><P> + +<DL COMPACT> +<DT><CODE><KBD>\C-</KBD></CODE> +<DD>control prefix +<DT><CODE><KBD>\M-</KBD></CODE> +<DD>meta prefix +<DT><CODE><KBD>\e</KBD></CODE> +<DD>an escape character +<DT><CODE><KBD>\\</KBD></CODE> +<DD>backslash +<DT><CODE><KBD>\"</KBD></CODE> +<DD><KBD>"</KBD>, a double quotation mark +<DT><CODE><KBD>\'</KBD></CODE> +<DD><KBD>'</KBD>, a single quote or apostrophe +</DL> +<P> + +In addition to the GNU Emacs style escape sequences, a second +set of backslash escapes is available: +</P><P> + +<DL COMPACT> +<DT><CODE>\a</CODE> +<DD>alert (bell) +<DT><CODE>\b</CODE> +<DD>backspace +<DT><CODE>\d</CODE> +<DD>delete +<DT><CODE>\f</CODE> +<DD>form feed +<DT><CODE>\n</CODE> +<DD>newline +<DT><CODE>\r</CODE> +<DD>carriage return +<DT><CODE>\t</CODE> +<DD>horizontal tab +<DT><CODE>\v</CODE> +<DD>vertical tab +<DT><CODE>\<VAR>nnn</VAR></CODE> +<DD>the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value <VAR>nnn</VAR> +(one to three digits) +<DT><CODE>\x<VAR>HH</VAR></CODE> +<DD>the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal value <VAR>HH</VAR> +(one or two hex digits) +</DL> +<P> + +When entering the text of a macro, single or double quotes must +be used to indicate a macro definition. +Unquoted text is assumed to be a function name. +In the macro body, the backslash escapes described above are expanded. +Backslash will quote any other character in the macro text, +including <SAMP>`"'</SAMP> and <SAMP>`''</SAMP>. +For example, the following binding will make <SAMP>`<KBD>C-x</KBD> \'</SAMP> +insert a single <SAMP>`\'</SAMP> into the line: +<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>"\C-x\\": "\\" +</pre></td></tr></table></P><P> + +</DL> +<P> + +<A NAME="Conditional Init Constructs"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC11"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC10"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC12"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC12"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC9"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 1.3.2 Conditional Init Constructs </H3> +<!--docid::SEC11::--> +<P> + +Readline implements a facility similar in spirit to the conditional +compilation features of the C preprocessor which allows key +bindings and variable settings to be performed as the result +of tests. There are four parser directives used. +</P><P> + +<DL COMPACT> +<DT><CODE>$if</CODE> +<DD>The <CODE>$if</CODE> construct allows bindings to be made based on the +editing mode, the terminal being used, or the application using +Readline. The text of the test extends to the end of the line; +no characters are required to isolate it. +<P> + +<DL COMPACT> +<DT><CODE>mode</CODE> +<DD>The <CODE>mode=</CODE> form of the <CODE>$if</CODE> directive is used to test +whether Readline is in <CODE>emacs</CODE> or <CODE>vi</CODE> mode. +This may be used in conjunction +with the <SAMP>`set keymap'</SAMP> command, for instance, to set bindings in +the <CODE>emacs-standard</CODE> and <CODE>emacs-ctlx</CODE> keymaps only if +Readline is starting out in <CODE>emacs</CODE> mode. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>term</CODE> +<DD>The <CODE>term=</CODE> form may be used to include terminal-specific +key bindings, perhaps to bind the key sequences output by the +terminal's function keys. The word on the right side of the +<SAMP>`='</SAMP> is tested against both the full name of the terminal and +the portion of the terminal name before the first <SAMP>`-'</SAMP>. This +allows <CODE>sun</CODE> to match both <CODE>sun</CODE> and <CODE>sun-cmd</CODE>, +for instance. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>application</CODE> +<DD>The <VAR>application</VAR> construct is used to include +application-specific settings. Each program using the Readline +library sets the <VAR>application name</VAR>, and you can test for +a particular value. +This could be used to bind key sequences to functions useful for +a specific program. For instance, the following command adds a +key sequence that quotes the current or previous word in Bash: +<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>$if Bash +# Quote the current or previous word +"\C-xq": "\eb\"\ef\"" +$endif +</pre></td></tr></table></DL> +<P> + +<DT><CODE>$endif</CODE> +<DD>This command, as seen in the previous example, terminates an +<CODE>$if</CODE> command. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>$else</CODE> +<DD>Commands in this branch of the <CODE>$if</CODE> directive are executed if +the test fails. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>$include</CODE> +<DD>This directive takes a single filename as an argument and reads commands +and bindings from that file. +For example, the following directive reads from <TT>`/etc/inputrc'</TT>: +<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>$include /etc/inputrc +</pre></td></tr></table></DL> +<P> + +<A NAME="Sample Init File"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC12"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC11"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC9"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 1.3.3 Sample Init File </H3> +<!--docid::SEC12::--> +<P> + +Here is an example of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This illustrates key +binding, variable assignment, and conditional syntax. +</P><P> + +<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre># This file controls the behaviour of line input editing for +# programs that use the GNU Readline library. Existing +# programs include FTP, Bash, and GDB. +# +# You can re-read the inputrc file with C-x C-r. +# Lines beginning with '#' are comments. +# +# First, include any systemwide bindings and variable +# assignments from /etc/Inputrc +$include /etc/Inputrc + +# +# Set various bindings for emacs mode. + +set editing-mode emacs + +$if mode=emacs + +Meta-Control-h: backward-kill-word Text after the function name is ignored + +# +# Arrow keys in keypad mode +# +#"\M-OD": backward-char +#"\M-OC": forward-char +#"\M-OA": previous-history +#"\M-OB": next-history +# +# Arrow keys in ANSI mode +# +"\M-[D": backward-char +"\M-[C": forward-char +"\M-[A": previous-history +"\M-[B": next-history +# +# Arrow keys in 8 bit keypad mode +# +#"\M-\C-OD": backward-char +#"\M-\C-OC": forward-char +#"\M-\C-OA": previous-history +#"\M-\C-OB": next-history +# +# Arrow keys in 8 bit ANSI mode +# +#"\M-\C-[D": backward-char +#"\M-\C-[C": forward-char +#"\M-\C-[A": previous-history +#"\M-\C-[B": next-history + +C-q: quoted-insert + +$endif + +# An old-style binding. This happens to be the default. +TAB: complete + +# Macros that are convenient for shell interaction +$if Bash +# edit the path +"\C-xp": "PATH=${PATH}\e\C-e\C-a\ef\C-f" +# prepare to type a quoted word -- +# insert open and close double quotes +# and move to just after the open quote +"\C-x\"": "\"\"\C-b" +# insert a backslash (testing backslash escapes +# in sequences and macros) +"\C-x\\": "\\" +# Quote the current or previous word +"\C-xq": "\eb\"\ef\"" +# Add a binding to refresh the line, which is unbound +"\C-xr": redraw-current-line +# Edit variable on current line. +"\M-\C-v": "\C-a\C-k$\C-y\M-\C-e\C-a\C-y=" +$endif + +# use a visible bell if one is available +set bell-style visible + +# don't strip characters to 7 bits when reading +set input-meta on + +# allow iso-latin1 characters to be inserted rather +# than converted to prefix-meta sequences +set convert-meta off + +# display characters with the eighth bit set directly +# rather than as meta-prefixed characters +set output-meta on + +# if there are more than 150 possible completions for +# a word, ask the user if he wants to see all of them +set completion-query-items 150 + +# For FTP +$if Ftp +"\C-xg": "get \M-?" +"\C-xt": "put \M-?" +"\M-.": yank-last-arg +$endif +</pre></td></tr></table></P><P> + +<A NAME="Bindable Readline Commands"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC13"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC12"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC14"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC22"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC1"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC22"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H2> 1.4 Bindable Readline Commands </H2> +<!--docid::SEC13::--> +<P> + +<BLOCKQUOTE><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC14">1.4.1 Commands For Moving</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Moving about the line.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC15">1.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Getting at previous lines.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC16">1.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Commands for changing text.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC17">1.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Commands for killing and yanking.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC18">1.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Specifying numeric arguments, repeat counts.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC19">1.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Getting Readline to do the typing for you.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC20">1.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Saving and re-executing typed characters</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC21">1.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Other miscellaneous commands.</TD></TR> +</TABLE></BLOCKQUOTE> +<P> + +This section describes Readline commands that may be bound to key +sequences. +Command names without an accompanying key sequence are unbound by default. +</P><P> + +In the following descriptions, <EM>point</EM> refers to the current cursor +position, and <EM>mark</EM> refers to a cursor position saved by the +<CODE>set-mark</CODE> command. +The text between the point and mark is referred to as the <EM>region</EM>. +</P><P> + +<A NAME="Commands For Moving"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC14"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC15"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC22"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC22"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 1.4.1 Commands For Moving </H3> +<!--docid::SEC14::--> +<DL COMPACT> +<A NAME="IDX36"></A> +<DT><CODE>beginning-of-line (C-a)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX37"></A> +Move to the start of the current line. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX38"></A> +<DT><CODE>end-of-line (C-e)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX39"></A> +Move to the end of the line. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX40"></A> +<DT><CODE>forward-char (C-f)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX41"></A> +Move forward a character. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX42"></A> +<DT><CODE>backward-char (C-b)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX43"></A> +Move back a character. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX44"></A> +<DT><CODE>forward-word (M-f)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX45"></A> +Move forward to the end of the next word. +Words are composed of letters and digits. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX46"></A> +<DT><CODE>backward-word (M-b)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX47"></A> +Move back to the start of the current or previous word. +Words are composed of letters and digits. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX48"></A> +<DT><CODE>clear-screen (C-l)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX49"></A> +Clear the screen and redraw the current line, +leaving the current line at the top of the screen. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX50"></A> +<DT><CODE>redraw-current-line ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX51"></A> +Refresh the current line. By default, this is unbound. +<P> + +</DL> +<P> + +<A NAME="Commands For History"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC15"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC14"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC16"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC16"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC22"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 1.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History </H3> +<!--docid::SEC15::--> +<P> + +<DL COMPACT> +<A NAME="IDX52"></A> +<DT><CODE>accept-line (Newline or Return)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX53"></A> +Accept the line regardless of where the cursor is. +If this line is +non-empty, it may be added to the history list for future recall with +<CODE>add_history()</CODE>. +If this line is a modified history line, the history line is restored +to its original state. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX54"></A> +<DT><CODE>previous-history (C-p)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX55"></A> +Move `back' through the history list, fetching the previous command. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX56"></A> +<DT><CODE>next-history (C-n)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX57"></A> +Move `forward' through the history list, fetching the next command. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX58"></A> +<DT><CODE>beginning-of-history (M-<)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX59"></A> +Move to the first line in the history. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX60"></A> +<DT><CODE>end-of-history (M->)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX61"></A> +Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line currently +being entered. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX62"></A> +<DT><CODE>reverse-search-history (C-r)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX63"></A> +Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up' through +the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX64"></A> +<DT><CODE>forward-search-history (C-s)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX65"></A> +Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down' through +the the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX66"></A> +<DT><CODE>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX67"></A> +Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up' +through the history as necessary using a non-incremental search +for a string supplied by the user. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX68"></A> +<DT><CODE>non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX69"></A> +Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down' +through the the history as necessary using a non-incremental search +for a string supplied by the user. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX70"></A> +<DT><CODE>history-search-forward ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX71"></A> +Search forward through the history for the string of characters +between the start of the current line and the point. +This is a non-incremental search. +By default, this command is unbound. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX72"></A> +<DT><CODE>history-search-backward ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX73"></A> +Search backward through the history for the string of characters +between the start of the current line and the point. This +is a non-incremental search. By default, this command is unbound. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX74"></A> +<DT><CODE>yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX75"></A> +Insert the first argument to the previous command (usually +the second word on the previous line) at point. +With an argument <VAR>n</VAR>, +insert the <VAR>n</VAR>th word from the previous command (the words +in the previous command begin with word 0). A negative argument +inserts the <VAR>n</VAR>th word from the end of the previous command. +Once the argument <VAR>n</VAR> is computed, the argument is extracted +as if the <SAMP>`!<VAR>n</VAR>'</SAMP> history expansion had been specified. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX76"></A> +<DT><CODE>yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX77"></A> +Insert last argument to the previous command (the last word of the +previous history entry). +With a numeric argument, behave exactly like <CODE>yank-nth-arg</CODE>. +Successive calls to <CODE>yank-last-arg</CODE> move back through the history +list, inserting the last word (or the word specified by the argument to +the first call) of each line in turn. +Any numeric argument supplied to these successive calls determines +the direction to move through the history. A negative argument switches +the direction through the history (back or forward). +The history expansion facilities are used to extract the last argument, +as if the <SAMP>`!$'</SAMP> history expansion had been specified. +<P> + +</DL> +<P> + +<A NAME="Commands For Text"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC16"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC15"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC17"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC17"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC22"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 1.4.3 Commands For Changing Text </H3> +<!--docid::SEC16::--> +<P> + +<DL COMPACT> +<A NAME="IDX78"></A> +<DT><CODE>delete-char (C-d)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX79"></A> +Delete the character at point. If point is at the +beginning of the line, there are no characters in the line, and +the last character typed was not bound to <CODE>delete-char</CODE>, then +return EOF. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX80"></A> +<DT><CODE>backward-delete-char (Rubout)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX81"></A> +Delete the character behind the cursor. A numeric argument means +to kill the characters instead of deleting them. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX82"></A> +<DT><CODE>forward-backward-delete-char ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX83"></A> +Delete the character under the cursor, unless the cursor is at the +end of the line, in which case the character behind the cursor is +deleted. By default, this is not bound to a key. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX84"></A> +<DT><CODE>quoted-insert (C-q or C-v)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX85"></A> +Add the next character typed to the line verbatim. This is +how to insert key sequences like <KBD>C-q</KBD>, for example. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX86"></A> +<DT><CODE>tab-insert (M-<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX87"></A> +Insert a tab character. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX88"></A> +<DT><CODE>self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, <small>...</small>)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX89"></A> +Insert yourself. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX90"></A> +<DT><CODE>transpose-chars (C-t)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX91"></A> +Drag the character before the cursor forward over +the character at the cursor, moving the +cursor forward as well. If the insertion point +is at the end of the line, then this +transposes the last two characters of the line. +Negative arguments have no effect. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX92"></A> +<DT><CODE>transpose-words (M-t)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX93"></A> +Drag the word before point past the word after point, +moving point past that word as well. +If the insertion point is at the end of the line, this transposes +the last two words on the line. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX94"></A> +<DT><CODE>upcase-word (M-u)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX95"></A> +Uppercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument, +uppercase the previous word, but do not move the cursor. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX96"></A> +<DT><CODE>downcase-word (M-l)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX97"></A> +Lowercase the current (or following) word. With a negative argument, +lowercase the previous word, but do not move the cursor. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX98"></A> +<DT><CODE>capitalize-word (M-c)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX99"></A> +Capitalize the current (or following) word. With a negative argument, +capitalize the previous word, but do not move the cursor. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX100"></A> +<DT><CODE>overwrite-mode ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX101"></A> +Toggle overwrite mode. With an explicit positive numeric argument, +switches to overwrite mode. With an explicit non-positive numeric +argument, switches to insert mode. This command affects only +<CODE>emacs</CODE> mode; <CODE>vi</CODE> mode does overwrite differently. +Each call to <CODE>readline()</CODE> starts in insert mode. +<P> + +In overwrite mode, characters bound to <CODE>self-insert</CODE> replace +the text at point rather than pushing the text to the right. +Characters bound to <CODE>backward-delete-char</CODE> replace the character +before point with a space. +</P><P> + +By default, this command is unbound. +</P><P> + +</DL> +<P> + +<A NAME="Commands For Killing"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC17"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC16"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC18"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC18"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC22"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 1.4.4 Killing And Yanking </H3> +<!--docid::SEC17::--> +<P> + +<DL COMPACT> + +<A NAME="IDX102"></A> +<DT><CODE>kill-line (C-k)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX103"></A> +Kill the text from point to the end of the line. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX104"></A> +<DT><CODE>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX105"></A> +Kill backward to the beginning of the line. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX106"></A> +<DT><CODE>unix-line-discard (C-u)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX107"></A> +Kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of the current line. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX108"></A> +<DT><CODE>kill-whole-line ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX109"></A> +Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is. +By default, this is unbound. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX110"></A> +<DT><CODE>kill-word (M-d)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX111"></A> +Kill from point to the end of the current word, or if between +words, to the end of the next word. +Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>forward-word</CODE>. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX112"></A> +<DT><CODE>backward-kill-word (M-<KBD>DEL</KBD>)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX113"></A> +Kill the word behind point. +Word boundaries are the same as <CODE>backward-word</CODE>. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX114"></A> +<DT><CODE>unix-word-rubout (C-w)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX115"></A> +Kill the word behind point, using white space as a word boundary. +The killed text is saved on the kill-ring. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX116"></A> +<DT><CODE>unix-filename-rubout ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX117"></A> +Kill the word behind point, using white space and the slash character +as the word boundaries. +The killed text is saved on the kill-ring. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX118"></A> +<DT><CODE>delete-horizontal-space ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX119"></A> +Delete all spaces and tabs around point. By default, this is unbound. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX120"></A> +<DT><CODE>kill-region ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX121"></A> +Kill the text in the current region. +By default, this command is unbound. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX122"></A> +<DT><CODE>copy-region-as-kill ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX123"></A> +Copy the text in the region to the kill buffer, so it can be yanked +right away. By default, this command is unbound. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX124"></A> +<DT><CODE>copy-backward-word ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX125"></A> +Copy the word before point to the kill buffer. +The word boundaries are the same as <CODE>backward-word</CODE>. +By default, this command is unbound. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX126"></A> +<DT><CODE>copy-forward-word ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX127"></A> +Copy the word following point to the kill buffer. +The word boundaries are the same as <CODE>forward-word</CODE>. +By default, this command is unbound. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX128"></A> +<DT><CODE>yank (C-y)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX129"></A> +Yank the top of the kill ring into the buffer at point. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX130"></A> +<DT><CODE>yank-pop (M-y)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX131"></A> +Rotate the kill-ring, and yank the new top. You can only do this if +the prior command is <CODE>yank</CODE> or <CODE>yank-pop</CODE>. +</DL> +<P> + +<A NAME="Numeric Arguments"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC18"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC17"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC19"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC19"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC22"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 1.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments </H3> +<!--docid::SEC18::--> +<DL COMPACT> + +<A NAME="IDX132"></A> +<DT><CODE>digit-argument (<KBD>M-0</KBD>, <KBD>M-1</KBD>, <small>...</small> <KBD>M--</KBD>)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX133"></A> +Add this digit to the argument already accumulating, or start a new +argument. <KBD>M--</KBD> starts a negative argument. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX134"></A> +<DT><CODE>universal-argument ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX135"></A> +This is another way to specify an argument. +If this command is followed by one or more digits, optionally with a +leading minus sign, those digits define the argument. +If the command is followed by digits, executing <CODE>universal-argument</CODE> +again ends the numeric argument, but is otherwise ignored. +As a special case, if this command is immediately followed by a +character that is neither a digit or minus sign, the argument count +for the next command is multiplied by four. +The argument count is initially one, so executing this function the +first time makes the argument count four, a second time makes the +argument count sixteen, and so on. +By default, this is not bound to a key. +</DL> +<P> + +<A NAME="Commands For Completion"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC19"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC18"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC20"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC20"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC22"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 1.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You </H3> +<!--docid::SEC19::--> +<P> + +<DL COMPACT> +<A NAME="IDX136"></A> +<DT><CODE>complete (<KBD>TAB</KBD>)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX137"></A> +Attempt to perform completion on the text before point. +The actual completion performed is application-specific. +The default is filename completion. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX138"></A> +<DT><CODE>possible-completions (M-?)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX139"></A> +List the possible completions of the text before point. +When displaying completions, Readline sets the number of columns used +for display to the value of <CODE>completion-display-width</CODE>, the value of +the environment variable <CODE>COLUMNS</CODE>, or the screen width, in that order. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX140"></A> +<DT><CODE>insert-completions (M-*)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX141"></A> +Insert all completions of the text before point that would have +been generated by <CODE>possible-completions</CODE>. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX142"></A> +<DT><CODE>menu-complete ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX143"></A> +Similar to <CODE>complete</CODE>, but replaces the word to be completed +with a single match from the list of possible completions. +Repeated execution of <CODE>menu-complete</CODE> steps through the list +of possible completions, inserting each match in turn. +At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung +(subject to the setting of <CODE>bell-style</CODE>) +and the original text is restored. +An argument of <VAR>n</VAR> moves <VAR>n</VAR> positions forward in the list +of matches; a negative argument may be used to move backward +through the list. +This command is intended to be bound to <KBD>TAB</KBD>, but is unbound +by default. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX144"></A> +<DT><CODE>menu-complete-backward ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX145"></A> +Identical to <CODE>menu-complete</CODE>, but moves backward through the list +of possible completions, as if <CODE>menu-complete</CODE> had been given a +negative argument. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX146"></A> +<DT><CODE>delete-char-or-list ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX147"></A> +Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the beginning or +end of the line (like <CODE>delete-char</CODE>). +If at the end of the line, behaves identically to +<CODE>possible-completions</CODE>. +This command is unbound by default. +<P> + +</DL> +<P> + +<A NAME="Keyboard Macros"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC20"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC19"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC21"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC21"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC22"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 1.4.7 Keyboard Macros </H3> +<!--docid::SEC20::--> +<DL COMPACT> + +<A NAME="IDX148"></A> +<DT><CODE>start-kbd-macro (C-x ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX149"></A> +Begin saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX150"></A> +<DT><CODE>end-kbd-macro (C-x ))</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX151"></A> +Stop saving the characters typed into the current keyboard macro +and save the definition. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX152"></A> +<DT><CODE>call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX153"></A> +Re-execute the last keyboard macro defined, by making the characters +in the macro appear as if typed at the keyboard. +<P> + +</DL> +<P> + +<A NAME="Miscellaneous Commands"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC21"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC20"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC22"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC22"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC22"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 1.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands </H3> +<!--docid::SEC21::--> +<DL COMPACT> + +<A NAME="IDX154"></A> +<DT><CODE>re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX155"></A> +Read in the contents of the <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file, and incorporate +any bindings or variable assignments found there. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX156"></A> +<DT><CODE>abort (C-g)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX157"></A> +Abort the current editing command and +ring the terminal's bell (subject to the setting of +<CODE>bell-style</CODE>). +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX158"></A> +<DT><CODE>do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-<VAR>x</VAR>, <small>...</small>)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX159"></A> +If the metafied character <VAR>x</VAR> is lowercase, run the command +that is bound to the corresponding uppercase character. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX160"></A> +<DT><CODE>prefix-meta (<KBD>ESC</KBD>)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX161"></A> +Metafy the next character typed. This is for keyboards +without a meta key. Typing <SAMP>`<KBD>ESC</KBD> f'</SAMP> is equivalent to typing +<KBD>M-f</KBD>. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX162"></A> +<DT><CODE>undo (C-_ or C-x C-u)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX163"></A> +Incremental undo, separately remembered for each line. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX164"></A> +<DT><CODE>revert-line (M-r)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX165"></A> +Undo all changes made to this line. This is like executing the <CODE>undo</CODE> +command enough times to get back to the beginning. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX166"></A> +<DT><CODE>tilde-expand (M-~)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX167"></A> +Perform tilde expansion on the current word. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX168"></A> +<DT><CODE>set-mark (C-@)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX169"></A> +Set the mark to the point. If a +numeric argument is supplied, the mark is set to that position. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX170"></A> +<DT><CODE>exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX171"></A> +Swap the point with the mark. The current cursor position is set to +the saved position, and the old cursor position is saved as the mark. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX172"></A> +<DT><CODE>character-search (C-])</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX173"></A> +A character is read and point is moved to the next occurrence of that +character. A negative count searches for previous occurrences. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX174"></A> +<DT><CODE>character-search-backward (M-C-])</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX175"></A> +A character is read and point is moved to the previous occurrence +of that character. A negative count searches for subsequent +occurrences. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX176"></A> +<DT><CODE>skip-csi-sequence ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX177"></A> +Read enough characters to consume a multi-key sequence such as those +defined for keys like Home and End. Such sequences begin with a +Control Sequence Indicator (CSI), usually ESC-[. If this sequence is +bound to "\e[", keys producing such sequences will have no effect +unless explicitly bound to a readline command, instead of inserting +stray characters into the editing buffer. This is unbound by default, +but usually bound to ESC-[. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX178"></A> +<DT><CODE>insert-comment (M-#)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX179"></A> +Without a numeric argument, the value of the <CODE>comment-begin</CODE> +variable is inserted at the beginning of the current line. +If a numeric argument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if +the characters at the beginning of the line do not match the value +of <CODE>comment-begin</CODE>, the value is inserted, otherwise +the characters in <CODE>comment-begin</CODE> are deleted from the beginning of +the line. +In either case, the line is accepted as if a newline had been typed. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX180"></A> +<DT><CODE>dump-functions ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX181"></A> +Print all of the functions and their key bindings to the +Readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied, +the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part +of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX182"></A> +<DT><CODE>dump-variables ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX183"></A> +Print all of the settable variables and their values to the +Readline output stream. If a numeric argument is supplied, +the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part +of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX184"></A> +<DT><CODE>dump-macros ()</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX185"></A> +Print all of the Readline key sequences bound to macros and the +strings they output. If a numeric argument is supplied, +the output is formatted in such a way that it can be made part +of an <VAR>inputrc</VAR> file. This command is unbound by default. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX186"></A> +<DT><CODE>emacs-editing-mode (C-e)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX187"></A> +When in <CODE>vi</CODE> command mode, this causes a switch to <CODE>emacs</CODE> +editing mode. +<P> + +<A NAME="IDX188"></A> +<DT><CODE>vi-editing-mode (M-C-j)</CODE> +<DD><A NAME="IDX189"></A> +When in <CODE>emacs</CODE> editing mode, this causes a switch to <CODE>vi</CODE> +editing mode. +<P> + +</DL> +<P> + +<A NAME="Readline vi Mode"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC22"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC21"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC23"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[ << ]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC1"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC23"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H2> 1.5 Readline vi Mode </H2> +<!--docid::SEC22::--> +<P> + +While the Readline library does not have a full set of <CODE>vi</CODE> +editing functions, it does contain enough to allow simple editing +of the line. The Readline <CODE>vi</CODE> mode behaves as specified in +the POSIX standard. +</P><P> + +In order to switch interactively between <CODE>emacs</CODE> and <CODE>vi</CODE> +editing modes, use the command <KBD>M-C-j</KBD> (bound to emacs-editing-mode +when in <CODE>vi</CODE> mode and to vi-editing-mode in <CODE>emacs</CODE> mode). +The Readline default is <CODE>emacs</CODE> mode. +</P><P> + +When you enter a line in <CODE>vi</CODE> mode, you are already placed in +`insertion' mode, as if you had typed an <SAMP>`i'</SAMP>. Pressing <KBD>ESC</KBD> +switches you into `command' mode, where you can edit the text of the +line with the standard <CODE>vi</CODE> movement keys, move to previous +history lines with <SAMP>`k'</SAMP> and subsequent lines with <SAMP>`j'</SAMP>, and +so forth. +</P><P> + +<A NAME="GNU Free Documentation License"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC23"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC22"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[ > ]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC1"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[ >> ]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H1> A. GNU Free Documentation License </H1> +<!--docid::SEC23::--> +<P> + +<center> + Version 1.3, 3 November 2008 +</center> +</P><P> + +<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=display><pre style="font-family: serif">Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +<A HREF="http://fsf.org/">http://fsf.org/</A> + +Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies +of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. +</pre></td></tr></table></P><P> + +<OL> +<LI> +PREAMBLE +<P> + +The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other +functional and useful document <EM>free</EM> in the sense of freedom: to +assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, +with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. +Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way +to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible +for modifications made by others. +</P><P> + +This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative +works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It +complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft +license designed for free software. +</P><P> + +We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free +software, because free software needs free documentation: a free +program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the +software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; +it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or +whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License +principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference. +</P><P> + +<LI> +APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS +<P> + +This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that +contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be +distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a +world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that +work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below, +refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a +licensee, and is addressed as "you". You accept the license if you +copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission +under copyright law. +</P><P> + +A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the +Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with +modifications and/or translated into another language. +</P><P> + +A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section +of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the +publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall +subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall +directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in +part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain +any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical +connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, +commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding +them. +</P><P> + +The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles +are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice +that says that the Document is released under this License. If a +section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not +allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero +Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant +Sections then there are none. +</P><P> + +The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed, +as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that +the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may +be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words. +</P><P> + +A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, +represented in a format whose specification is available to the +general public, that is suitable for revising the document +straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of +pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available +drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or +for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input +to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file +format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart +or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. +An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount +of text. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque". +</P><P> + +Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain +ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input +format, <FONT SIZE="-1">SGML</FONT> or <FONT SIZE="-1">XML</FONT> using a publicly available +<FONT SIZE="-1">DTD</FONT>, and standard-conforming simple <FONT SIZE="-1">HTML</FONT>, +PostScript or <FONT SIZE="-1">PDF</FONT> designed for human modification. Examples +of transparent image formats include <FONT SIZE="-1">PNG</FONT>, <FONT SIZE="-1">XCF</FONT> and +<FONT SIZE="-1">JPG</FONT>. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be +read and edited only by proprietary word processors, <FONT SIZE="-1">SGML</FONT> or +<FONT SIZE="-1">XML</FONT> for which the <FONT SIZE="-1">DTD</FONT> and/or processing tools are +not generally available, and the machine-generated <FONT SIZE="-1">HTML</FONT>, +PostScript or <FONT SIZE="-1">PDF</FONT> produced by some word processors for +output purposes only. +</P><P> + +The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself, +plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material +this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in +formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means +the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, +preceding the beginning of the body of the text. +</P><P> + +The "publisher" means any person or entity that distributes copies +of the Document to the public. +</P><P> + +A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose +title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following +text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a +specific section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements", +"Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) To "Preserve the Title" +of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a +section "Entitled XYZ" according to this definition. +</P><P> + +The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which +states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty +Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this +License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other +implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has +no effect on the meaning of this License. +</P><P> + +<LI> +VERBATIM COPYING +<P> + +You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either +commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the +copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies +to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other +conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use +technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further +copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept +compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough +number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3. +</P><P> + +You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and +you may publicly display copies. +</P><P> + +<LI> +COPYING IN QUANTITY +<P> + +If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have +printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the +Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the +copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover +Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on +the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify +you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present +the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and +visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. +Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve +the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated +as verbatim copying in other respects. +</P><P> + +If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit +legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit +reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent +pages. +</P><P> + +If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering +more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent +copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy +a computer-network location from which the general network-using +public has access to download using public-standard network protocols +a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. +If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, +when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure +that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated +location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an +Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that +edition to the public. +</P><P> + +It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the +Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give +them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document. +</P><P> + +<LI> +MODIFICATIONS +<P> + +You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under +the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release +the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified +Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution +and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy +of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version: +</P><P> + +<OL> +<LI> +Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct +from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions +(which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section +of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version +if the original publisher of that version gives permission. +<P> + +<LI> +List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities +responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified +Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the +Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), +unless they release you from this requirement. +<P> + +<LI> +State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the +Modified Version, as the publisher. +<P> + +<LI> +Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document. +<P> + +<LI> +Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications +adjacent to the other copyright notices. +<P> + +<LI> +Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice +giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the +terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below. +<P> + +<LI> +Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections +and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice. +<P> + +<LI> +Include an unaltered copy of this License. +<P> + +<LI> +Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add +to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and +publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If +there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one +stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as +given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified +Version as stated in the previous sentence. +<P> + +<LI> +Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for +public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise +the network locations given in the Document for previous versions +it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. +You may omit a network location for a work that was published at +least four years before the Document itself, or if the original +publisher of the version it refers to gives permission. +<P> + +<LI> +For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", Preserve +the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the +substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or +dedications given therein. +<P> + +<LI> +Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, +unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers +or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles. +<P> + +<LI> +Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section +may not be included in the Modified Version. +<P> + +<LI> +Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements" or +to conflict in title with any Invariant Section. +<P> + +<LI> +Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers. +</OL> +<P> + +If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or +appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material +copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all +of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the +list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. +These titles must be distinct from any other section titles. +</P><P> + +You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains +nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various +parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has +been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a +standard. +</P><P> + +You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a +passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list +of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of +Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or +through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already +includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or +by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, +you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit +permission from the previous publisher that added the old one. +</P><P> + +The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License +give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or +imply endorsement of any Modified Version. +</P><P> + +<LI> +COMBINING DOCUMENTS +<P> + +You may combine the Document with other documents released under this +License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified +versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the +Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and +list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its +license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers. +</P><P> + +The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and +multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single +copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but +different contents, make the title of each such section unique by +adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original +author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. +Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of +Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work. +</P><P> + +In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History" +in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled +"History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements", +and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all +sections Entitled "Endorsements." +</P><P> + +<LI> +COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS +<P> + +You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents +released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this +License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in +the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for +verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects. +</P><P> + +You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute +it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this +License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all +other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document. +</P><P> + +<LI> +AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS +<P> + +A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate +and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or +distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright +resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights +of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. +When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not +apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves +derivative works of the Document. +</P><P> + +If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these +copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of +the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on +covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the +electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. +Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole +aggregate. +</P><P> + +<LI> +TRANSLATION +<P> + +Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may +distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. +Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special +permission from their copyright holders, but you may include +translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the +original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a +translation of this License, and all the license notices in the +Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include +the original English version of this License and the original versions +of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between +the translation and the original version of this License or a notice +or disclaimer, the original version will prevail. +</P><P> + +If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements", +"Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve +its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual +title. +</P><P> + +<LI> +TERMINATION +<P> + +You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document +except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt +otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and +will automatically terminate your rights under this License. +</P><P> + +However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license +from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally, +unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally +terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder +fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to +60 days after the cessation. +</P><P> + +Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is +reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the +violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have +received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that +copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after +your receipt of the notice. +</P><P> + +Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the +licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under +this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently +reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does +not give you any rights to use it. +</P><P> + +<LI> +FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE +<P> + +The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions +of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new +versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may +differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See +<A HREF="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/">http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/</A>. +</P><P> + +Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. +If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this +License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of +following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or +of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the +Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version +number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not +as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document +specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of this +License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a +version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the +Document. +</P><P> + +<LI> +RELICENSING +<P> + +"Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site" (or "MMC Site") means any +World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also +provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works. A +public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server. A +"Massive Multiauthor Collaboration" (or "MMC") contained in the +site means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC +site. +</P><P> + +"CC-BY-SA" means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 +license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit +corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco, +California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license +published by that same organization. +</P><P> + +"Incorporate" means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or +in part, as part of another Document. +</P><P> + +An MMC is "eligible for relicensing" if it is licensed under this +License, and if all works that were first published under this License +somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole +or in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections, +and (2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008. +</P><P> + +The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site +under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009, +provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing. +</P><P> + +</OL> +<P> + +<A NAME="SEC24"></A> +<H2> ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents </H2> +<!--docid::SEC24::--> +<P> + +To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of +the License in the document and put the following copyright and +license notices just after the title page: +</P><P> + +<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=smallexample><FONT SIZE=-1><pre> Copyright (C) <VAR>year</VAR> <VAR>your name</VAR>. + Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document + under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 + or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; + with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover + Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU + Free Documentation License''. +</FONT></pre></td></tr></table></P><P> + +If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, +replace the "with<small>...</small>Texts." line with this: +</P><P> + +<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=smallexample><FONT SIZE=-1><pre> with the Invariant Sections being <VAR>list their titles</VAR>, with + the Front-Cover Texts being <VAR>list</VAR>, and with the Back-Cover Texts + being <VAR>list</VAR>. +</FONT></pre></td></tr></table></P><P> + +If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other +combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the +situation. +</P><P> + +If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we +recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of +free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, +to permit their use in free software. +</P><P> + +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC_Contents"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H1>Table of Contents</H1> +<UL> +<A NAME="TOC1" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC1">1. Command Line Editing</A> +<BR> +<UL> +<A NAME="TOC2" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC2">1.1 Introduction to Line Editing</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC3" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC3">1.2 Readline Interaction</A> +<BR> +<UL> +<A NAME="TOC4" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC4">1.2.1 Readline Bare Essentials</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC5" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC5">1.2.2 Readline Movement Commands</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC6" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC6">1.2.3 Readline Killing Commands</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC7" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC7">1.2.4 Readline Arguments</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC8" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC8">1.2.5 Searching for Commands in the History</A> +<BR> +</UL> +<A NAME="TOC9" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC9">1.3 Readline Init File</A> +<BR> +<UL> +<A NAME="TOC10" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC10">1.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC11" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC11">1.3.2 Conditional Init Constructs</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC12" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC12">1.3.3 Sample Init File</A> +<BR> +</UL> +<A NAME="TOC13" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC13">1.4 Bindable Readline Commands</A> +<BR> +<UL> +<A NAME="TOC14" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC14">1.4.1 Commands For Moving</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC15" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC15">1.4.2 Commands For Manipulating The History</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC16" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC16">1.4.3 Commands For Changing Text</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC17" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC17">1.4.4 Killing And Yanking</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC18" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC18">1.4.5 Specifying Numeric Arguments</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC19" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC19">1.4.6 Letting Readline Type For You</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC20" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC20">1.4.7 Keyboard Macros</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC21" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC21">1.4.8 Some Miscellaneous Commands</A> +<BR> +</UL> +<A NAME="TOC22" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC22">1.5 Readline vi Mode</A> +<BR> +</UL> +<A NAME="TOC23" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC23">A. GNU Free Documentation License</A> +<BR> +</UL> +<HR SIZE=1> +<A NAME="SEC_OVERVIEW"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H1>Short Table of Contents</H1> +<BLOCKQUOTE> +<A NAME="TOC1" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC1">1. Command Line Editing</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC23" HREF="rluserman.html#SEC23">A. GNU Free Documentation License</A> +<BR> + +</BLOCKQUOTE> +<HR SIZE=1> +<A NAME="SEC_About"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="rluserman.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H1>About this document</H1> +This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>February, 8 2011</I> +using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html +"><I>texi2html</I></A> +<P></P> +The buttons in the navigation panels have the following meaning: +<P></P> +<table border = "1"> +<TR> +<TH> Button </TH> +<TH> Name </TH> +<TH> Go to </TH> +<TH> From 1.2.3 go to</TH> +</TR> +<TR> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> + [ < ] </TD> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> +Back +</TD> +<TD> +previous section in reading order +</TD> +<TD> +1.2.2 +</TD> +</TR> +<TR> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> + [ > ] </TD> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> +Forward +</TD> +<TD> +next section in reading order +</TD> +<TD> +1.2.4 +</TD> +</TR> +<TR> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> + [ << ] </TD> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> +FastBack +</TD> +<TD> +previous or up-and-previous section +</TD> +<TD> +1.1 +</TD> +</TR> +<TR> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> + [ Up ] </TD> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> +Up +</TD> +<TD> +up section +</TD> +<TD> +1.2 +</TD> +</TR> +<TR> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> + [ >> ] </TD> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> +FastForward +</TD> +<TD> +next or up-and-next section +</TD> +<TD> +1.3 +</TD> +</TR> +<TR> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> + [Top] </TD> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> +Top +</TD> +<TD> +cover (top) of document +</TD> +<TD> + +</TD> +</TR> +<TR> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> + [Contents] </TD> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> +Contents +</TD> +<TD> +table of contents +</TD> +<TD> + +</TD> +</TR> +<TR> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> + [Index] </TD> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> +Index +</TD> +<TD> +concept index +</TD> +<TD> + +</TD> +</TR> +<TR> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> + [ ? ] </TD> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> +About +</TD> +<TD> +this page +</TD> +<TD> + +</TD> +</TR> +</TABLE> +<P></P> +where the <STRONG> Example </STRONG> assumes that the current position +is at <STRONG> Subsubsection One-Two-Three </STRONG> of a document of +the following structure: +<UL> +<LI> 1. Section One </LI> +<UL> +<LI>1.1 Subsection One-One</LI> +<UL> +<LI> ... </LI> +</UL> +<LI>1.2 Subsection One-Two</LI> +<UL> +<LI>1.2.1 Subsubsection One-Two-One +</LI><LI>1.2.2 Subsubsection One-Two-Two +</LI><LI>1.2.3 Subsubsection One-Two-Three <STRONG> +<== Current Position </STRONG> +</LI><LI>1.2.4 Subsubsection One-Two-Four +</LI></UL> +<LI>1.3 Subsection One-Three</LI> +<UL> +<LI> ... </LI> +</UL> +<LI>1.4 Subsection One-Four</LI> +</UL> +</UL> + +<HR SIZE=1> +<BR> +<FONT SIZE="-1"> +This document was generated +by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>February, 8 2011</I> +using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html +"><I>texi2html</I></A> + +</BODY> +</HTML> |