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+/*
+ * timespecops.h -- calculations on 'struct timespec' values
+ *
+ * Written by Juergen Perlinger (perlinger@ntp.org) for the NTP project.
+ * The contents of 'html/copyright.html' apply.
+ *
+ * Rationale
+ * ---------
+ *
+ * Doing basic arithmetic on a 'struct timespec' is not exceedingly
+ * hard, but it requires tedious and repetitive code to keep the result
+ * normalised. We consider a timespec normalised when the nanosecond
+ * fraction is in the interval [0 .. 10^9[ ; there are multiple value
+ * pairs of seconds and nanoseconds that denote the same time interval,
+ * but the normalised representation is unique. No two different
+ * intervals can have the same normalised representation.
+ *
+ * Another topic is the representation of negative time intervals.
+ * There's more than one way to this, since both the seconds and the
+ * nanoseconds of a timespec are signed values. IMHO, the easiest way is
+ * to use a complement representation where the nanoseconds are still
+ * normalised, no matter what the sign of the seconds value. This makes
+ * normalisation easier, since the sign of the integer part is
+ * irrelevant, and it removes several sign decision cases during the
+ * calculations.
+ *
+ * As long as no signed integer overflow can occur with the nanosecond
+ * part of the operands, all operations work as expected and produce a
+ * normalised result.
+ *
+ * The exception to this are functions fix a '_fast' suffix, which do no
+ * normalisation on input data and therefore expect the input data to be
+ * normalised.
+ *
+ * Input and output operands may overlap; all input is consumed before
+ * the output is written to.
+ */
+#ifndef TIMESPECOPS_H
+#define TIMESPECOPS_H
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <math.h>
+
+#include "ntp.h"
+#include "timetoa.h"
+
+
+/* nanoseconds per second */
+#define NANOSECONDS 1000000000
+
+/* predicate: returns TRUE if the nanoseconds are in nominal range */
+#define timespec_isnormal(x) \
+ ((x)->tv_nsec >= 0 && (x)->tv_nsec < NANOSECONDS)
+
+/* predicate: returns TRUE if the nanoseconds are out-of-bounds */
+#define timespec_isdenormal(x) (!timespec_isnormal(x))
+
+/* conversion between l_fp fractions and nanoseconds */
+#ifdef HAVE_U_INT64
+# define FTOTVN(tsf) \
+ ((int32) \
+ (((u_int64)(tsf) * NANOSECONDS + 0x80000000) >> 32))
+# define TVNTOF(tvu) \
+ ((u_int32) \
+ ((((u_int64)(tvu) << 32) + NANOSECONDS / 2) / \
+ NANOSECONDS))
+#else
+# define NSECFRAC (FRAC / NANOSECONDS)
+# define FTOTVN(tsf) \
+ ((int32)((tsf) / NSECFRAC + 0.5))
+# define TVNTOF(tvu) \
+ ((u_int32)((tvu) * NSECFRAC + 0.5))
+#endif
+
+
+
+/* make sure nanoseconds are in nominal range */
+static inline struct timespec
+normalize_tspec(
+ struct timespec x
+ )
+{
+#if SIZEOF_LONG > 4
+ long z;
+
+ /*
+ * tv_nsec is of type 'long', and on a 64-bit machine using only
+ * loops becomes prohibitive once the upper 32 bits get
+ * involved. On the other hand, division by constant should be
+ * fast enough; so we do a division of the nanoseconds in that
+ * case. The floor adjustment step follows with the standard
+ * normalisation loops. And labs() is intentionally not used
+ * here: it has implementation-defined behaviour when applied
+ * to LONG_MIN.
+ */
+ if (x.tv_nsec < -3l * NANOSECONDS ||
+ x.tv_nsec > 3l * NANOSECONDS) {
+ z = x.tv_nsec / NANOSECONDS;
+ x.tv_nsec -= z * NANOSECONDS;
+ x.tv_sec += z;
+ }
+#endif
+ /* since 10**9 is close to 2**32, we don't divide but do a
+ * normalisation in a loop; this takes 3 steps max, and should
+ * outperform a division even if the mul-by-inverse trick is
+ * employed. */
+ if (x.tv_nsec < 0)
+ do {
+ x.tv_nsec += NANOSECONDS;
+ x.tv_sec--;
+ } while (x.tv_nsec < 0);
+ else if (x.tv_nsec >= NANOSECONDS)
+ do {
+ x.tv_nsec -= NANOSECONDS;
+ x.tv_sec++;
+ } while (x.tv_nsec >= NANOSECONDS);
+
+ return x;
+}
+
+/* x = a + b */
+static inline struct timespec
+add_tspec(
+ struct timespec a,
+ struct timespec b
+ )
+{
+ struct timespec x;
+
+ x = a;
+ x.tv_sec += b.tv_sec;
+ x.tv_nsec += b.tv_nsec;
+
+ return normalize_tspec(x);
+}
+
+/* x = a + b, b is fraction only */
+static inline struct timespec
+add_tspec_ns(
+ struct timespec a,
+ long b
+ )
+{
+ struct timespec x;
+
+ x = a;
+ x.tv_nsec += b;
+
+ return normalize_tspec(x);
+}
+
+/* x = a - b */
+static inline struct timespec
+sub_tspec(
+ struct timespec a,
+ struct timespec b
+ )
+{
+ struct timespec x;
+
+ x = a;
+ x.tv_sec -= b.tv_sec;
+ x.tv_nsec -= b.tv_nsec;
+
+ return normalize_tspec(x);
+}
+
+/* x = a - b, b is fraction only */
+static inline struct timespec
+sub_tspec_ns(
+ struct timespec a,
+ long b
+ )
+{
+ struct timespec x;
+
+ x = a;
+ x.tv_nsec -= b;
+
+ return normalize_tspec(x);
+}
+
+/* x = -a */
+static inline struct timespec
+neg_tspec(
+ struct timespec a
+ )
+{
+ struct timespec x;
+
+ x.tv_sec = -a.tv_sec;
+ x.tv_nsec = -a.tv_nsec;
+
+ return normalize_tspec(x);
+}
+
+/* x = abs(a) */
+static inline struct timespec
+abs_tspec(
+ struct timespec a
+ )
+{
+ struct timespec c;
+
+ c = normalize_tspec(a);
+ if (c.tv_sec < 0) {
+ if (c.tv_nsec != 0) {
+ c.tv_sec = -c.tv_sec - 1;
+ c.tv_nsec = NANOSECONDS - c.tv_nsec;
+ } else {
+ c.tv_sec = -c.tv_sec;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return c;
+}
+
+/*
+ * compare previously-normalised a and b
+ * return 1 / 0 / -1 if a < / == / > b
+ */
+static inline int
+cmp_tspec(
+ struct timespec a,
+ struct timespec b
+ )
+{
+ int r;
+
+ r = (a.tv_sec > b.tv_sec) - (a.tv_sec < b.tv_sec);
+ if (0 == r)
+ r = (a.tv_nsec > b.tv_nsec) -
+ (a.tv_nsec < b.tv_nsec);
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+/*
+ * compare possibly-denormal a and b
+ * return 1 / 0 / -1 if a < / == / > b
+ */
+static inline int
+cmp_tspec_denorm(
+ struct timespec a,
+ struct timespec b
+ )
+{
+ return cmp_tspec(normalize_tspec(a), normalize_tspec(b));
+}
+
+/*
+ * test previously-normalised a
+ * return 1 / 0 / -1 if a < / == / > 0
+ */
+static inline int
+test_tspec(
+ struct timespec a
+ )
+{
+ int r;
+
+ r = (a.tv_sec > 0) - (a.tv_sec < 0);
+ if (r == 0)
+ r = (a.tv_nsec > 0);
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+/*
+ * test possibly-denormal a
+ * return 1 / 0 / -1 if a < / == / > 0
+ */
+static inline int
+test_tspec_denorm(
+ struct timespec a
+ )
+{
+ return test_tspec(normalize_tspec(a));
+}
+
+/* return LIB buffer ptr to string rep */
+static inline const char *
+tspectoa(
+ struct timespec x
+ )
+{
+ return format_time_fraction(x.tv_sec, x.tv_nsec, 9);
+}
+
+/*
+ * convert to l_fp type, relative and absolute
+ */
+
+/* convert from timespec duration to l_fp duration */
+static inline l_fp
+tspec_intv_to_lfp(
+ struct timespec x
+ )
+{
+ struct timespec v;
+ l_fp y;
+
+ v = normalize_tspec(x);
+ y.l_uf = TVNTOF(v.tv_nsec);
+ y.l_i = (int32)v.tv_sec;
+
+ return y;
+}
+
+/* x must be UN*X epoch, output will be in NTP epoch */
+static inline l_fp
+tspec_stamp_to_lfp(
+ struct timespec x
+ )
+{
+ l_fp y;
+
+ y = tspec_intv_to_lfp(x);
+ y.l_ui += JAN_1970;
+
+ return y;
+}
+
+/* convert from l_fp type, relative signed/unsigned and absolute */
+static inline struct timespec
+lfp_intv_to_tspec(
+ l_fp x
+ )
+{
+ struct timespec out;
+ l_fp absx;
+ int neg;
+
+ neg = L_ISNEG(&x);
+ absx = x;
+ if (neg) {
+ L_NEG(&absx);
+ }
+ out.tv_nsec = FTOTVN(absx.l_uf);
+ out.tv_sec = absx.l_i;
+ if (neg) {
+ out.tv_sec = -out.tv_sec;
+ out.tv_nsec = -out.tv_nsec;
+ out = normalize_tspec(out);
+ }
+
+ return out;
+}
+
+static inline struct timespec
+lfp_uintv_to_tspec(
+ l_fp x
+ )
+{
+ struct timespec out;
+
+ out.tv_nsec = FTOTVN(x.l_uf);
+ out.tv_sec = x.l_ui;
+
+ return out;
+}
+
+/*
+ * absolute (timestamp) conversion. Input is time in NTP epoch, output
+ * is in UN*X epoch. The NTP time stamp will be expanded around the
+ * pivot time *p or the current time, if p is NULL.
+ */
+static inline struct timespec
+lfp_stamp_to_tspec(
+ l_fp x,
+ const time_t * p
+ )
+{
+ struct timespec out;
+ vint64 sec;
+
+ sec = ntpcal_ntp_to_time(x.l_ui, p);
+ out.tv_nsec = FTOTVN(x.l_uf);
+
+ /* copying a vint64 to a time_t needs some care... */
+#if SIZEOF_TIME_T <= 4
+ out.tv_sec = (time_t)sec.d_s.lo;
+#elif defined(HAVE_INT64)
+ out.tv_sec = (time_t)sec.q_s;
+#else
+ out.tv_sec = ((time_t)sec.d_s.hi << 32) | sec.d_s.lo;
+#endif
+
+ return out;
+}
+
+#endif /* TIMESPECOPS_H */